Verb - Tense - 1

 In English verb specifies 

1. Action 
2. condition
3. possession 

condition -- state 

In english with out verb no verb exists. 

 

The word verb is taken from the latin word verbum which means life of language 

Without verb there is no sentence in english 

Verb denotes an action / condition/ possession of the subject 

Ex: 

1.  I am a teacher  state 
2. i teach english action 
3. I have two children possession 

Types of verbs : 

1. Transitive Veb 

2. Intransitive Verb 

1. Transitive Verb : 

    If the verb has object 

    eg:  Mr. Reddy teaches English 

            Sita likes mangos 

            I met my friend 

A verb which has an object is called a transitive verb. 

To identify whether object is there or not we question with what or whom ? 

2. Intranstive Verb 

  A verb which has no object is called intranstive verb 

Ex: 

1. The bell rang loudly 

2. The sun rises in the east. 

3. I go for a walk daily. 

verb has no object. 

VERBS - FINITE AND NON FINITE 

1.  I want to eat an apple 

2. She wants to eat an apple 

if verb changes - Finite 

Finite verb; 

A verb which has subject , shows tense and number is called a finite verb 

Non Finite verb; 

A verb which has no subject , and does not show tense and number is called a non finite verb 

1. I want to eat an apple 

2. She wants to eat an apple 

3. He wanted to eat an apple 

here want verb changes so finite , to eat doesn't change NON finite 

1. I like swimming 

2. He likes swimming 

3. She liked swimming 

here like verb changes so finite, to eat doesn't change non finite. 

                                                verbs 

action verbs                                                            auxiliary verbs (helping verbs ) 

                                                                                    is, was

strong verbs                                                                 modal auxiliary 

weak verbs                                                                   primary auxiliary 

strong verbs : 

sing, sang sung singing 

come came come coming                     ----strong  --- vowels will change 

Strong verb: 

If a verb is changed into other forms by changing a vowel then it is called a strong verb 

These are limited : <150 

Weak verb:

 

If a verb is changed into other forms by adding suffixes like d/ed/ied/t then it is called a weak 

verb. 

These are large in number.  >5000

loving is used as adjective  

List of some important strong verbs:

 

arise   arose   arosen        (get up) 

awake awoke awoken      

abide           abode       abode     (follow, accept) 

break           broke        broken 

beat        beat            beaten 

begin       began        begun 

blow         blew         blown 

become became become 

bite bit bitten 

bear bore borne (tolerate)

be was been 

(am,is,are) (were)

bleed bled bled 

bring brought  broughth 

buy bought bought 

build built built 

burn burnt burnt 

catch caught caught 

creep crept crept 

choose chose chosen 

come came come 

do did done 

drink drank drunk 

drive drove driven 

dig dug dug 

deal dealt dealt 

eat ate eaten 

fall fell fallen 

fight fought fought 

draw drew drawn 

fly flew flown 

forget forgot forgotten 

freeze froze frozen 

find found found 

feed fed fed 

feel felt felt 

flee fled fled    (run away ) 

fling flung flung flinging (throw) 

forgive forgave forgiven 

hide hid hid 

hang hung hung 

hold held held 

know knew known 

***

lie lay lain  lying (lie down)

lay laid laid  laying (put down) 

light lit lit 

lose lost lost 

make made made 

mistake mistook mistaken 

mislead misled misled (misguide) 

ride rode ridden 

run ran run 

ring rang rung 

rise rose risen 

see saw seen 

shake shook shaken 

shine shone shone 

shoot shot shot 

swim swam swam 

sit sat sat 

speak spoke spoke 

steal stole stolen 

swear swore sworn 

sink sank sunk 

stand stood stood 

seek sought sought (ask for request) 

shrink shrank shrunk (munigipovadam) (to become smaller) 

slay slew slain (kill)

slide slid slid (roll) 

spin spun spun (rotate)

spring sprang sprung (jump)

stick stuck stuck 

sting stung stung (hurt) 

strike struck struck (hit hard) 

sleep slept slept 

sweep swept swept 

take took taken 

tear tore torn 

tell told told 

throw threw threw 

teach taught taught 

thing thought thought 

understand understood understood 

wear wore worn 

win won won 

write wrote written 

weave wove woven (dress related) 

weep wept wept (cry)

VERB WITHOUT CHANGING VERB FORM: 

put put put 

cut cut cut 

shut shut shut ***

read read read 

spread spread spread ***

quit quit quit ****

hit hit hit ****

cast cast cast ***

burst burst burst 

cost cost cost 

hurt hurt hurt 

let let let 

forecast forecast forecast (predict)

telecast telecast telecast

broadcast broadcast broadcast 

+

write wrote written writing 

give gave given giving 

Love loved loved  loving 

kill killed killed killing                                 -----weak   -- verb + ed/d/t/ied 

marry married married marrying 

spend spent spent spending